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The sac spiders of the family Clubionidae〔http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/2000/2060A.html〕 have a very confusing taxonomic history. Once this family was a large catch-all taxon for a disparate collection of spiders, similar only in that they had eight eyes arranged in two rows,〔http://www.bio.brandeis.edu/fieldbio/Spiders_Savransky_Suhd_Brondstatter/Pages/Fam_Clubionidae.html〕 conical anterior spinnerets that touched and were wandering predators that built silken retreats, or sacs, usually on plant terminals, between leaves, under bark or under rocks. These are now recognized to include several families, some of which are more closely related to the three-clawed spiders, like lynx and wolf spiders, than to true "clubionoids."〔Tree of Life Web Project. 2006. Clubionidae. Version 25 March 2006 (temporary). http://tolweb.org/Clubionidae/2675/2006.03.25 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/〕 == Genera == Among the families formerly classified as sac spiders, some of which have common names including the words "sac spider", include: * Anyphaenidae (anyphaenid sac spider) * Tengellidae * Zorocratidae * Miturgidae * Corinnidae (corinnid sac spider) * Liocranidae (liocranid sac spider) as well as the remnant Clubionidae (now consisting of a little over 500 species in 15 genera worldwide). However "sac spider" used on its own should imply a member of the family Clubionidae. In North America the family as it is now recognised consists of only two genera, ''Clubiona'' and ''Elaver'' (formerly ''Clubionoides''). ''Clubiona'' is nearly worldwide in distribution. * ''Abliguritor'' Petrunkevitch, 1942 † (fossil) : * ''Abliguritor felix'' Petrunkevitch, 1958 † : * ''Abliguritor niger'' Petrunkevitch, 1942 † : * ''Abliguritor plumosus'' Petrunkevitch, 1942 † * ''Carteroniella'' Strand, 1907 (South Africa) * ''Carteronius'' Simon, 1897 (Madagascar, Mauritius, Sierra Leone) * ''Clubiona'' Latreille, 1804 (America, Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, Oceania) (429 recent species) : * ''Clubiona arcana'' Scudder † (fossil, oligocene) * ''Clubionina'' Berland, 1947 (St. Paul Island) * ''Concursator'' Petrunkevitch, 1958 † (fossil) : * ''Concursator nudipes'' Petrunkevitch, 1958 † * ''Cryptoplanus Petrunkevitch, 1958 † (fossil) : * ''Cryptoplanus paradoxus'' Petrunkevitch, 1958 † * ''Dorymetaecus'' Rainbow, 1920 (Lord Howe Island) * ''Elaver'' O. P-Cambridge, 1898 (America, Philippines) * ''Eobumbatrix'' Petrunkevitch, 1922 † (fossil, oligocene) : * ''Eobumbatrix latebrosa'' (Scudder, 1890) † * ''Eodeter'' Petrunkevitch, 1958 † (fossil) : * ''Eodeter magnificus'' Petrunkevitch, 1958 † * ''Eomazax'' Petrunkevitch, 1958 † (fossil) : * ''Eomazax pulcher'' Petrunkevitch, 1958 † * ''Eostentatrix'' Petrunkevitch, 1922 † (fossil, oligocene) : * ''Eostentatrix eversa'' Petrunkevitch, 1922 † * ''Eoversatrix Petrunkevitch, 1922 † (fossil, oligocene) : * ''Eoversatrix eversa'' (Scudder, 1890) † * ''Machilla'' Petrunkevitch, 1958 † (fossil) : * ''Machilla setosa'' Petrunkevitch, 1958 † * ''Malamatidia'' Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 (Malaysia, Indonesia) * ''Matidia'' Thorell, 1878 (South Asia, Oceania) * ''Nusatidia'' Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 (South Asia) * ''Pristidia'' Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 (South Asia) * ''Pteroneta'' Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 (South Asia, Australia) * ''Scopalio'' Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 (Borneo) * ''Simalio'' Simon, 1897 (India, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Trinidad) * ''Tixcocoba'' Gertsch, 1977 (Mexico) * ''Tixcocoda'' Gertsch, 2011 (Baton Rouge, LA) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sac spider」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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